Fuel-feeder for internal-combustion engines.



N. MQOARTY. I

FUEL FEEDER FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEED 1909. I

Patented Sept. 7. 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' gwvc'nfoz Norman M5 Carl?- ho Mm E vi brgcaaeo v -N. MoGARTY. EUELFEEDER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED IEB.9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

933,325. 1 t Patented Sept.7, 1909.

Fig.3.

L -l Norman M C ar! y,

emifamwt p UNITED sTA'rEs AE s'r OFFICE NORMAN McCARTY, F INDIANAPOLIS,INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO A TLAS ENGINE WORKS 0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ACORPORATION OF INDIANA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 7, 1909.

Application filed Februaryfi, 1909. Serial No. 477,003.

To all whom it may concem: v

Be it known that 1, Nommiv-llicOnn'ry, a citizen oi: the Un ted States,residing at lmlianapolis in the county of Marion and,

State of Indiana, haveinwnted certain new and useful .lmj'u'ovements inl uel-l eeders for luterual-Uombustion Engines, of which i the followingis aspecification.

in the operation of that type of internal combustion engines wherein thecombustion of liquid fuel is slow as distinguished from an explosion,the liquid fuel is introduced to the combustion chamber at a time whenthe pressure within the combustion chamber is very high, as much as 500lbs. per square inch, and it is customary to blow the liquid fuel intothe compressed air within the con1- bastion chamber by means of a higherair pressure passing through an atonuzei' which delivers into thecombustion chamber. There is at all times a high pressure withintheaton'nzer and mechanisin needs to be provided forqintroducing' into theatomizer.

atomizer pressure and therefore required a pumping mechanism capable ofdelivering fuel against the high pressure of the atomizer. Asa'consequence an adjustment of the pumping mechanism-to deliverdiffering quantities of fuel was apt to be aflected by the highpressures against which delivery hadto be made.

The object of y present invention is to produce a measuring anddelivering mechanism capable of delivering to the atomizer or other fuelinjecting mechanism operating under pressure,-without the aid of anyforeing member, the mechanism heing'designed to receive, from a gravitysupply, accurately measured successive quantities of liquid and deliverthe same by gravity to the atomizer.

'lhcaccompanying drawings illustrate my HIVGIIUOD.

Figure l is a vertical section of the 111635 uring device taken on twoparallel planes one of which passes through the axis of one of thevalvesan'd the other of which passes through the axis. of the measuringplunger; Fig. ,2 is a section on the plane of line 2 2 ofv Fig. 1; Fig.3 anelevation of the coml plete fuel-delivery system embodying myinvention. I

In the drawings indicates a main body within which is'ifornwl ameasuringchamber 11. Mounted in chamber 11 is a measuring plunger 12 which passesthrough a suitable packing gland 13 and carries at its outer end abalancing plunger 14 which fits with-in a balancing chaml'ier l5.Plunger 12 carries a pin 16 which lies Withinthe slot 17 of an operatinglever 18 pivoted at 19. Also mounted within slot 17 is a pin 21 which isalso mounted within a stationary guide slot- 22 lying at an angle to theslot 17 the said guide slot 22 being forn'ied in a bracket 23 carried bythe atomizer structure 24ito which the body 10 is secured. Connected topin 21, so to shift the same in the slots 17 and 22, is an arm 25 whichis carried by an eccentric strap 26 embracing an eccentric 27 carried bya rock shaft 28. Secured to shaft28 is an arm 29 intended to beconnected in any suitable manner to a speed controlled governor 30, thearrangement being such that, by

movement of the speed controlled governor, rock shaft 28 will be rockedand pin 21 will be shifted so as to cause a shifting of lever 18 andthus adjust plunger 12 within chamber 11. Formed in body 10 is an inletchamber 31 which communicates with chamber 11 throu h a valve seat 32.Communicating wit-ht is measuring chamber 11 beyond valve,

seat 32 is a chamber 33 with a valve -seat34 arranged between saidchamber and chamber 11, and leading from chamber 33 is an. oil overflowpipe Seated in seat 32 is an oil inletvalre 4-1 carried by a stem 42projected out through a suitable packing gland l3 and provided with afixed collar 44 and a spring pressed collar 45 bet-ween which isarranged the end '46 of a lever 47 carried by a rock shaft 4-8, Sleevedover the inner end of valve ll is the stem of a valve: 51 which isseated in seat 34-, being normally held thereto by means of a spring 52.Also formed in body 10 is a discharge chamber 53 which comnmnicates withchamber 11 through a seat 54 in which is seated a valve 55 carried by astem 56 carried out through a suitable packing gland 57 and provided atits outer end with a fixed collar and a spring pressed collar 59bet-ween which is arranged the end 61 of-lever 47. Leading into chamber53 is an air inlet )ipe and leading from chamber 53 is a dischargepassage (53 which leads into the receiving passage 64 of atomizer 24.Secured to shaft 48 is an arm 65 which is connected by an arm 66 carriedby an eccentric stra 67 mounted upon an eccentric 68, carri by the camshaft 69 which carries the usual cams for operating the levers 71 whichare connected to the,

needle valve 72 of the atomizer 24, one of said atomizers beingprovided, in the usual manner, for each power c linder 730.

The operation of the evice thus far described is as follows:' Oil flowsinto chamber 31 under a slight gravity head and a rocking of shaft 48 bya downward pull on arm 65 will open valves 41 and 51 andoil will flowfrom chamber 31 intochamber 11 so. as to fill the same. The amount whichwill flow into the chamber 11 will depend upon the size of said chamberand the size of said chamber will be accurately determined. and

and 64, to the atomizer 24 and be by it delivered, in the usual manner,to the combustion chamber. The rush of air from pipe 62 through passages63 and 64 tends to deliver the entire quantity of oil delivered fromchamber 11 but there is-of course an accumulation of air under pressurein chamber 11 as the oil flows out. On the next 9 eration, valves 41 and51 are again opene but valve 51, being considerably larger than valve 41and openin practically at the same instant, the air con ned withinchamber 11 will ass out past valve 51 into chamber 33 and't ence outthrough the overflow pipe 35 whilea fresh charge of oil enters fromcham- It is exeeedingl desirable that an apparatus of this kind sha l oerate under such conditions that'there wil be ver little resistanceofl'ered. to the shiftin o the mechanism controlled by the speecontrolled governor and it is for this purpose that I have provided thebalancing lunger 14 and cylinder 15 in connection wit thearrangem'entnow to be described, Leading into chamber 31 is an oil supply pipe-101which is connected.

by pipes-102 and 73 with a pair of identical fuel supply tanks 74 and75, valves 76 and 77 being inserted between the bottoms of the fuelsupply tanks and their outlet pipes. At theu per" end tanks 74 and areconneete with ,feed pipes 78 and 7 9 which are connected through valves80 and 81 with a pipe 82 which is connected to the pipe 62 which leadsfrom the air'compressor (not shown) to chamber 53 of the measuringdevice 10. Pipes 78 and 79 are also connected through valves 84 and 85-with a supply pipe 86 which is connected through valve 87 with asuitable pump 88 getting its supply from a suitable storage tank, not

shown. Pipe 86 is connected by a pipe 89, through valve 91, with thebottom of an overflow tank92 into the top of which runs the. pipe 35,the tank 92 being placed below the measurer 10, while fuel supply tanks74 and 75 are placed above, said measurer a sufiicient distance toobtain the desired gravity head for the fuel. Leading from pipe 101 is apipe 93 which communicates with cylinder 15. A relief 94 is rovided atthe up er end of tank 92 said va ve yielding at, or elow, the pressurecoming from pipe 62. By this arran ement and assuming tank.

74 to be full offue and tank 75- to be em ty, valves 7 6, and 80 will beopened and ya ves 84, 85, 77,81, 87 and 91 will be closed. Pressure frompipe 62 will thereupon be introduced to the entire system, fuel in tank74 being under the same pressure that is introduced into the; chamber53, and measuring plunger 12 being subjected at both ends (at theouterend through lun er 14) with the ,pressure due to the hea of uelplus the air pressure thereon. Consequentlythe only resistance toactuation (if the adjusting de vices for plunger 12 will be the frictionof the parts and, as this remains constant for either direction ofmovement 70f adiustment, the operation of the speed contro led gov--ernor upon the measuring plunger will at all times be uniform.

lVhen the fuel within tank 7 4 is nearl exhausted, valves 91 and 85 willbe opene and the pressure which has-accumulated within the upper end ofthe overflow tank 92 will drive whatever fuel there may bein that tankfrom the overflow tank up into tank 75. The valve 91 will then be closedand. tank 75 filled by an operaton of pump 88, valve 87 being opened temorarily for that purpose.

Just before the fuel is entirely exhausted from tank 74 valve 85 will beclosed and.

valv s 81 and 77 will be opened thus throwing tank .75 into commissionwhereupon valves76 and 86 are closed and valve 84- opencl and the fuelsupply tank 74 may then be filled. By this arrangement there will alwa sbe immediately available an adequate supp y of fuel for the measuringdevice and atomizer. that tanks 74, 75 and 92 may be common toaplurality of measuring devices and atomizers.

I: claim as my invention:

1. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding mechanism comprising an inlet 'chambeiga measuring chambercommunicatlng therewith, a. valve It will of coursebe understoodarrangedbetween the inlet chamber and measuring chamber, an outlet chambercommunicating with the measuring chamber and with the combustion chamberof the engine, a valvearranged between the measuring chamber and outletchamber, means for varying the capacity of the measuring chaml'ier andmeans for alternately operating said valves.

2. The combination, with an internal combustion engine,-of a fuelfeeding mechanism comprising. an inlet chamber, a measuring -chambercommunicating therewith, aavalve arranged, between' the inlet chamberand measuring chamber, an outlet chamber cont municating with themeasuringchamber and with the combustion chamber of the engine, a valvechamber and outlet chamber, means for alternately operating said valvesand speedeontrolled means for automatically varying the receivingcapacity of the measuring chamber.

- The combination, with aninternal combustion engine, of a fuel feedingmechanism comprising an inlet chamber, a, 'measuring chambercon'imunieating therewith, a valve arranged between the inlet chamberand measurn'ig chamber, an outlet chamber communion ting with themeasuring chamber and with the combustion chamber of the engine,

a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and outlet. chamber,means for alternately operating said valves, a plunger fitted within themeasuring chamber and movable therein to vary the receiving capacity ofsaid chamber, and means for shifting the plunger within the measuringchambertovary the receiving capacity thereof.

4. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding mechanism comprising an inlet chamber, a measuring chambercommunicating therewith, a valve arranged between the inlet chamber andmeasuring chamber, an outlet chamber communicating with the measuringchamber and with the combustion chamber of the engine, a valve arrangedbetween the measuring chamber and outlet chamber, means for a]-ternately operating said valves, a plunger fitted within the measuringchamber and movable therewith to vary the receiving capacity of saidchamber, and speed controlled means for shifting the plunger within themeasuring chamber to vary the receiving capacity thereof. 5. Thecombination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuel feedingdevice com- )rising an inlet chamber, a measuring chamer communicatingtherewith, a valve arranged between said inlet chamber and measuringchamber, a discharge chamber communicating with theme'asuring chamberand the combustion chamber of the engine, a valve "arranged" between themeasuring arranged between the mcasmring chamber and discharge chamber,means for alternately operating said valves, a passage leading into thedischarge chamber permitting the introduction t-hereinto of a gas underpressure, and means cotiperating with the measuring chamber for varyingthe receiving capacity thereof.

bustir'm engine,- of a fuel feeding device comprising an inlet chamber,a measuring chamber con'in'mnicating therewith, a valve arranged between.said inlet chamber and measuring chamber, a discharge chamberconmu-micating with the measuring chamber and the combustion chamber ofthe engine, a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and dischargechamber, a relief chamber also comn'iunicating with the meas uringchamber, a valve ar'angcd between said measuring chamber and reliefchamber, means for alternately operating said valves, a passage leadinginto the discharge chamber permitting the introduction th'ereinto of agas under pressure, and means cooperating with the measuring chamberfor-varying the receiving capacity thereof. 1

7., The combination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding device comprising an inlet. chamber, a measuring chambercommunicating therewith, a valve arranged between said inlet chamber and,measuring chamber, a discharge chamber communicating with the measuringcliamher and the combustion chamber of the engine, a valve arrangedbetween the measurfor alternately operatingsaid valves, a passageleading into the discharge chamber permitting the introduction thereintoof a gas under pressure, a plunger movably mounted within the measuringchamber to vary the receiving capacity thereof, and means for adjustingsaid plunger.

8. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding device comprising an inlet chamber, a measuring chambercomi'mmicating therewith, a valve arranged between said inlet chamberand measuring chamber, a discharge chamber communicating with themeasuring chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, a valvearranged between the measuring chamber'and discharge chamber, means foralternately operating said valves, a passage leadingintc the dischargechamber permititing the iutrodifction thereinto of a gas under pressure,a plunger movably mounted within' the measuring chamber to vary thereceiving capacity thereof, and speed controlled-means for adjustingsaid plunger.

9. The coinbination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding device comprising an inlet chamber, a measuring chamberconnnunicating therewith, a valve arranged between said inletcham'bcrand meas- G. The combii'iation with an. internal com-.

V uring chamber, a discharge chamber commounted within the measuring.chamber to vary the receiving capacity thereof, and means for adjustingsaid plunger.

10. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, of a fuelfeeding device comprising an inlet chamber, a measuring chambercommunicating therewith, a valve arranged'between said inlet chamber andmeasuring chamber, a discharge chamber communicating with the measuringchamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, a valve arrangedbetween the measuring chamber and discharge chamber, a relief chamberalso communicating with the measuring chamber, a valve arranged betweensaid measuring chamber and relief chamber,

, means for alternately operatingsaid valves,

a. passage leading into the discharge chamber permitting theintroduction thereinto of a gas under pressure, a plunger movablymounted within the measuring chamber to vary the receiving capacitythereof, and speed controlled means for adjustingsaid plunger. 7

11. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, and a fuelinjecting means therefor, comprising means for introducing air to theinjector under high pressure, of a fuel measuring and delivery devicecomprising means to receive and variably measure successive portions-offuel independent of the injector pressure, and deliver the same to theinjector pressure independent of the fuel supply. 12. Thecombination,with an internal combustion engine'and a fuel injectortherefor comprising means for introducing air under high pressure, of ameasuring device adapfl ed to deliver successive variably measuredquantities of fuel to the injector, a fuel supply tank arranged abovesaid measuring device and delivering thereto, and connections betweenthe pressure air supply and the dis charge side of the measuring deviceand between the pressure air supply and the top, of the supply tank.

13. The combination, with an internal com- ,bustion engine and a fuelinjector therefor comprising means for introducing-airunder highpressure, of a measuring device adapts ed to deliver successive measuredquantities of fuel to the injector, a fuel supply tank arranged abovesaid measuring device and delivering thereto, and connections betweenthe pressure air supply and the discharge side of the measuring deviceand between the pressure air supply and the top of the supply tank, anoverflow tank, a connection between the top of said overflow tank andthe measuringidevice, a relief valve therefor, a connection between thelower part of the overflow tank and the top of the supply tank, andsuitable valves for controlling the flow through various parts of theapparatus.

14.. The combination, with an internal'combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel thereto, and means for delivering air under pressure toand through the atomizer, of a measuring device comprising a measuringchamber, a fuel inlet chamber communicating with the measuring chamber,a valve arranged between the measurin chamber and the fuel inletchamber, a disc arge chamber communicating with the measuring chamber onone side and with the atomizer on the other side, a valve arrangedbetween said discharge chamber and measuring chamber means foralternately actuating said valves, J

a fuel tank arranged above the measuring device and delivering to theinlet chamber thereof, and a connection between the air pressure supplyand the top of said fuel tank. I

15,.lhe combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel thereto, and means for delivering air under pressure toand through the atomlzer, of a measuring device comprising a measuringchamber, a fuel inlet chamber communieating witlrthe measuring chamber,a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and the fuel inletchamber, a discharge chamber communicating with the measuring chamber onone side and with the atomizer on the other side, a valve arrangedbetween said discharge chamber and measuring chamber, a relief chambercommunicating with the measuring chamber, a valve arranged between saidrelief chamber and the measuring chamber, means for alternatelyactuating said valves, a fuel tank arranged above the measuring deviceand delivering to the inlet chamber thereof, and a connection betweentlie'air pressure supply and the top of said fuel tank.

16. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel thereto, and means for delivering air under pressure toand through the atomizer, of a measuring device comprising a measuringchamber, a fuel inlet chamber communicating with the measuring chamber,a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and the fuel inletchamber, a discharge chamber communicating with the measuring chamber onone sidennd with the atomizer on the other side, a valve arrangedbetween. said discharge chamber and meastill uring chamber, means foralternately actuating said valves, a fuel tank arranged abovethemeasuring device and-delivering to the inlet chamber thereof, and aconnec tion between the air pressure supply and the top of said fueltank, means for varying the receiving capacity of the measuringchamber,a speed controlled governor connected to the engine, and intermediateconnections between said speed cont-rolled governor and the means forvarying the receiving capacity of the measuring chamber.

17. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering above the measuring device and delivering to the inletchamber thereof, and a connection between the an pressure supplyand thetop of said fuel tank, means tor varying lhe receiving capacity of themeasuring chamber, a speed controlled governor connected to the engine,and mtermedlate connectlons between said speed controlled governor andthe means for varying the rcceiving capacity of the n'lcasuring chamber.

18. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizer itdelivering fuel thereto, and means for delivering'air under pressure toand through the atomizer, of a measuringdcvice comprising a measuringchamber, a fuel inlet chamber communica ting with the measuring chamber,a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and the fuel inletchamber, a discharge chamber communicating with the measuring chamber onone side and with the atomizer on the other side, a valve arrangedbetween said discl'iarge chamber and measuring chamber means foralternately actuating said valves, fuel tank arranged above themeasuring device and delivering to the inlet chamber thereof, and aconnection between the air pressure supply and the top of said fueltanlr, a measuring plunger movably mounted within the measuring chamber,and

means for automatically shifting the meals uring plunger to vary thereceiving capacity of the measuring chamber.

[9. Thecombimition, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel said discharge chamber and measurtliereto, and means fordelivering air under pressure to and through the atomizer, of ameasuring device comprisinga measuring chamber, a fuel inlet chambercommunicating with the measuring chamber, a valve arranged between themeasuring chamber and the fuel inlet chamber, a discharge chambercommunicating with themeasuring chamber on one side and with theatomizer on the other side, a valve arranged between said dischargechamber and measuring chamber means for alternately actuating saidvalves, a fuel tank arranged above the measuring device and deliveringto the inlet chamber thereof, and a connection between the air pressuresupply and thetop of said fuel tank, 'a measuring plunger movably'mounted within the measuring chamber, a balancing plunger connected withsaid measuring plunger, a connection between said balancing plunger andthe fuel supply whereby a balancing pressure is maintained upon themeasuring plunger and neans for automatically shifting the measuringplunger to vary the receiving capacity of the measuring chamber.

20. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel thereto, and means for delivering air under pressure toand through the atomizer, of a measuring device comprising a measuringclmmber, a fuel inlet chamber communizating with the measuring chamber,a valve arranged between the measuring chamber and the fuel inletchamber, a discharge chamber. crmnnunicating with the measuring chamberon one side and with the atomizer on the other side, a valve arrangedbetween said discharge chamber and measuring chamber, a relief chamber,communicating with the measuring chamber, a valve arranged between saidrelief chamber and the measuring chamber, means for alternatelyactuating said valves, a fuel tank arranged above the measuring deviceand delivering to the inlet chamber thereof, and a connection betweenthe air pressure supply and the top of said fuel tank, a measuringplunger movably mounted within the measuring chamber, and means; forautonuitically shifting the measuring plunger to vary 'the receivingcapacity of the measuring chamber.

2.1. The combination, with an internal combustion engine, an atomizerdelivering fuel thereto. and means for delivering air under pressure toand through the atomizer, of a measuring device comprising a measuring('llflllllMElQ-tl fuel inlet chamber connnunicatmg with the measuringchamber, a valve arranged between the measuring chan'iber and the fuelinlet chan'iber, a discharge chamber on one side and with the atomizeron the other side, a valve arranged between said d1scharge chamber andmeasuring chamber, a

commuuicating with the measuring chamber relief chamber communicatingwith the measuring chamber, a valve arranged between said relief chamberand the measuring chamber, means for alternately actuating said valves,a fuel tank arranged above themeasuring device and delivering to theinlet chamber thereof, and a connection between the airvpressure supplyand the top of said fuel tank; a measuring plunger movably mountedwithinthe measurin uring plunger, :1 connection between said balchamber,a balancing plunger connected with said measa balancing pressure ismaintained upon the measurin plunger and means for automaticallyshifting the measuring plunger to vary the receiving capacity of themeasuring chamber.

In Witness whereof, I, have hereunto set -my hand and seal atIndianapolis, Indiana,

this twenty-ninth day of January, A. 1). one thousand nine hundred andnine.

, NORMAN MGCARTY. Witnesses:

ARTHUR M. H001), THOMAS W. MoMnANs.

